Between roughly 3 and 14 weeks, puppies form their picture of what is normal. Calm, positive exposure now prevents fear later.
The goal is positive, calm experiences — not maximum exposure. Let the puppy watch traffic, meet friendly people of different ages, hear household noises and feel different surfaces, always at a distance where it stays relaxed.
If the puppy backs away, freezes or refuses treats, you are too close. Move back, let it observe, and reward curiosity. Forcing a scared puppy forward creates exactly the fear you are trying to avoid.
Socialization does not end at 14 weeks. Adolescent dogs go through new sensitive periods, so keep exposing your young dog to the world in a positive way through its first years.
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